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Studies into the immunesystem in experimental animals, particularly in mice, have yielded key information about the immune system in mammals. However there are many differences between the immunesystems of mice and humans have hampered translation of findings in mice to clinical applications in humans. My lab studies development and function of human lymphocytes using a variety of in vitro models. In addition we have developed a humanized mouse model to study the function of human lymphocytes in vivo.
My presentation consists of two parts. In the first part I will discuss how in vitro study to the mechanisms of differentiation of human B cells to plasma cells has led to a novel method to immortalize human antibody-producing B cells. I will discuss some applications of this technology platform including generation of human monoclonal antibodies from B cells of individuals who have been exposed to infectious agents and of B cells from vaccinated mice with a human immune system, the so called Human immune system mice.
In the second part of my presentation I will discuss recent findings from my lab on novel populations of so called innate lymphoid cells (ILC). ILC are immune cells that lack a specific antigen receptor, yet posses the capacity to produce an array of effector cytokines that in variety matches that of T helper cell subsets. Innate lymphoid cells function in lymphoid organogenesis, tissue remodeling anti microbial immunity and inflammation particularly at barrier surfaces. Their ability to promptly respond to insults inflicted by stress causing microbes strongly suggest that ILC are critical in first line immunological defenses. ILC are also involved in repair of tissue damage inflicted by pathogenic microbes. In my presentation I will discuss two families of innate lymphoid cells: Rort-expressing cells involved in lymphoid tissue formation, mucosal immunity and inflammation and Type 2 innate lymphoid cells that are important for helminth immunity. I will also discuss the roles of ILC in pathology of immunity mediated inflammatory and infectious diseases including allergic diseases.
References for works of Dr. Spits
1) Spits H. Di Santo JD The expanding family of innate lymphoid cells: regulators and effectors of immunity and tissue remodeling. Nat Immunol 2010; 12:21-27
2) Mjösberg JM, …..Cupedo T, and Spits H. Human IL-25- and IL-33-responsive type 2 innate lymphoid cells are defined by expression of CRTH2 and CD161. Nat Immunol 2011; 12: 1055-62
3) Crellin NK, ….., Di Santo JP and Spits H. Regulation of Cytokine Secretion in Human CD127(+) LTi-like Innate Lymphoid Cells by Toll-like Receptor 2, Immunity 2010; 33:752 – 764
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