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Mucosal Immunology of HIV Infections

学友会セミナー

学友会セミナー

2005年開催 学友会セミナー

開催日時: 平成17年10月21日(金) 16:00~17:30
開催場所: 新総合研究棟4F会議室
講  師: Dr. Jiri Mestedky
所  属: Professor of Microbiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
演  題: "Mucosal Immunology of HIV Infections"
概  要:

The majority of HIV infections is acquired by the mucosal route. Although numerous studies of local humoral and cellular immune responses in HIV-infected or HIV-exposed but seronegative individuals have been reported, the results generated are frequently controversial. External secretions (vaginal, rectal and nasal washes, semen, saliva, tears, and urine) and blood were collected from 50 individuals, most of who had been infected through sexual exposure, and 20 healthy controls. Total and HIV-specific antibodies were evaluated by ELISA and Western blot analyses. Although levels of total IgG and IgA were increased or remained unchanged in body fluids of HIV-infected individuals as compared to the controls, HIV-specific IgA antibodies were either absent or present at low levels even in secretions with characteristically high relative contents of total IgA compared to IgG. In these secretions, HIV-specific IgG antibodies dominated. Analyses of peripheral blood antibody-secreting cells (ASC) isolated from the same individuals paralleled these serological findings: gp160-specific IgG-secreting ASC were dominant. Furthermore, no IgA antibodies were detected in vaginal washings collected from three cohorts of HIV-exposed but seronegative women. Finally, the three different mucosally administered HIV vaccines did not stimulate IgA responses in immunized volunteers. Therefore, in striking contrast to other mucosally encountered microbial infections, HIV induces neither vigorous specific IgA responses in any body fluid examined nor in ASC in peripheral blood.

世 話 人: ○炎症免疫分野 清野  宏
ウィルス感染分野 河岡 義裕